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Topic: Predictors of Optical Density of Lutein and Zeaxanthin in Retinas of Older Women
Keywords: AGE RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION, EYE DISEASE - Xanthophyll Carotenoids, Lutein, Zeaxanthin, Macula of the Retina
Reference: "Predictors of optical density of lutein and zeaxanthin in retinas of older women in the Carotenoids in Age-Related Eye Disease Study, an ancillary study of the Women's Health Initiative," Mares JA, Larowe TL, et al, Am J Clin Nutr., 2006, 84(5): 1107-1122. (Address: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. E-Mail: jmarespe@facstaff.wisc.edu ).
Summary: In a study investigating the predictors of the density of lutein and zeaxanthin in the macula of the retina in 1,698 women aged 53-86 years, MPOD (macular pigment optical density) was positively related to serum concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin and dietary intake of lutein and zeaxanthin, and negatively related to abdominal body fat and diabetes. MPOD measured at 0.5 degrees from the foveal center was 30% higher (20% higher after adjusting for other predictors) in women in the highest quintile of lutein and zeaxanthin intake, than in women in the lowest quintile of intake. Dietary intake of lutein, zeaxanthin, fiber, and polyunsaturated fatty acids together explained 3% of the variability in MPOD, with another 5% of variation being explained by waist circumference and diabetes, which are both related to lower MPOD. An additional 8% of MPOD variation was explained by serum concentrations of lutein and zeaxanthin. Thus, the authors of this study conclude, "MPOD is di rectly related to dietary intake of lutein and zeaxanthin but even more strongly to serum concentrations, which may reflect unmeasured physical and medical factors that influence the uptake, distribution, and utilization of lutein and zeaxanthin. Higher abdominal body fat and diabetes are related to lower MPOD. Unknown predictors of retinal carotenoids remain."
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