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Topic: Plasma Vitamin C Levels Inversely Associated with Risk of Gastric Cancer
Keywords: GASTRIC CANCER - Vitamin C, N-Nitroso Compound, Red Meat, Processed Meat, Diet
Reference: "Plasma and dietary vitamin C levels and risk of gastric cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC-EURGAST)," Jenab M, Riboli E, et al, Carcinogenesis, 2006; 27(11): 2250-2257. (Address: Jenab M, WHO, IARC, Nutrition and Hormones Group, IARC-WHO Lyon, France).
Summary: In a case-control study nested with a prospective study (European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition - a large cohort involving 10 European countries), high levels of plasma vitamin C were found to be inversely associated with risk of gastric cancer, while no association was found between dietary vitamin C intake and risk of gastric cancer. Levels of vitamin C were measured in pre-diagnostic plasma of 215 subjects with gastric cancer and 416 matched controls. After adjusting for body mass index, total energy intake, smoking status, and H. pylori status, results of conditional logistic regression models found subjects in the highest quartile of plasma vitamin C to have the lowest risk of gastric cancer (OR=0.55), as compared to subjects in the lowest quartile. After excluding cases only followed up with for 2 years or less, this association remained significant (OR=0.40). The association between plasma vitamin C level and risk of gastric cancer was even gr eater among subjects consuming high levels of red meat and processed meat. This may be due to the fact that vitamin C inhibits the production of the carcinogenic compound, N-nitroso, in the stomach, and red and processed meats have been known to increase endogenous N-nitroso compound production. No association was found between dietary vitamin C intake and risk of gastric cancer. Furthermore, no significant interaction of effect was found with H. pylori. The results of this study suggest that high levels of vitamin C in the plasma are associated with a reduced risk of gastric cancer, suggesting that plasma vitamin C may have a protective effect against gastric cancer.
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