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Keywords:
OXIDATIVE STRESS - Curcumin, Curcuma Longa, Turmeric, Curry, Spice, Phytochemicals, Antioxidants
Topic:
Curcumin Activates Defensive Genes and Protects Neurons Against Oxidative Stress
Reference:
"Curcumin activates defensive genes and protects neurons against oxidative stress," Scapagnini G, Colombrita C, et al, Antioxidants and Redox Signaling, 2006; 8(3-4): 395-403. (Address: Dr. Giovanni Scapognini, Institute of Neurological Sciences, National Research Council (CNR), V.le Regina Margherita 6, Catania, 95123, Italy. E-mail: g.scapagnini@isn.cnr.it ).
Summary:
In a study investigating the effects of curcumin – a phytochemical compound and pigment that gives curry its yellow color – which has previously been shown to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, administering curcumin to rat type 1 astrocytes was found to upregulate expression of the defense gene, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), at both cytoplasmic and nuclear levels. In astrocytes exposed to 5-15 mu M curcumin, a significant expression of two phase II detoxification enzymes was found (quinine reductase and glutathione S-transferase). When cultured hippocampal neurons were incubated with 5-25 mu M curcumin for 6 hours, elevated expressions of HO-1 mRNA and protein were found. When higher doses of curcumin were administered (50-100 mu M), no change in HO-1 expression was found, and a cytotoxic effect was induced. Pre-incubation with curcumin for 18 hours was found to have a cytoprotective effect – enhancing cellular resistance to glucose oxidase-mediated oxidati ve damage. The results of this study add to the growing body of evidence pointing to the potential of curcumin as a potent therapeutic agent in the prevention of various diseases in which oxidative stress plays a role.
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